tâ.d flais fudayk kso%dfjka ;ukaf.a w;S; Ôú; .ek úia;r lrkq wid isá ,eu¾ia wd;¾ f.a is; i;=áka bms,S .sfhah' Tyqg wjYH jQfha frda.Skag flfrk m%;sldrj,g jvd hula flaisf.ka iudchg bgq lrjd .ekSugh' tfy;a l%sia;shdks Nla;sl flais fï isÿjkafka l=ula oehs hkak .ek wkaoukaoj isáfhah' È<skaokaf.a" iudcfha wirKhkaf.a ÿla fõokd jHdêj,g msysgùu ;uka foúhka jykafiaf.ka ,o odhdohla hehs is;+ Tyq fmr Ôú;hla .ek lSu hlaIhdf.a jevla hehs is;=fõh' ukao ta jk úg l%sia;= O¾ufha fmr wd;au l;d ixl,amh ms<sfkd.kakd ;;a;ajhla iudch w;f¾ ;snqKq fyhsks'
;ukag ,eî ;sfhkafka hlaIhdf.a wdYS¾jdohla o hkak Tyqf.a is; jO fokakg úh' tfy;a Tyq wLKavj fudayk kso%djg msúi frda.Skag m%;sldr flf<ah' m%Yaklrejkaf.a m%Yakj,g ms<s;=re ÿkafkah' tu m%Yakj,g ;ud ÿka ms<s;=rej, wmeyeÈ,s ;eka .ek Tyqu fidhkakg n,kakg úh' tfia úlaIsma; Ndjfhka miqù kso%djg m;aj lsheùfï§ Tyqf.a uqúka mqgq .s,a,kakl= .ek lsheúKs' lsishï whl= ;udg ú¢kakg isÿjqKq úm;a;sodhl w;aoelSï .ek úuiSfï§ tfia ùug fï ;eke;a;d mQ¾j ckauhl§ mqgq .s,a,kakl= jYfhka mõlï /ila lr we;s nj flaisf.ka mejeisKs'
ljqreo fï mqgq .s,ajkakd@ flaisg muKla fkdj m%Yaklrejkag mjd .egÆjla úh' tfy;a Bg jvd flaisg .egÆjla jQfha wo f.jk Ôú;hg fmr§ f.jQ Ôú;hl § l< lsishï isoaêhla iïnkaOfhka ,eìh hq;= m%;sM, úmdl miq lf,l fjk;a Ôú;hl§ ,efnkafkao hkakh'
fï .egÆjg úi÷ï fiúh hq;= úh' lsishï fohla úfYaIfhka w;S; ixisoaêhla .ek lshefjk fohla hula we;akï th lsheùug muKla iSud fkdù ft;sydisl jYfhka ikd: úh hq;=h' ta ye`.Su u; fï mqgq .s,a,kakd ljqrekao hkak fidhd .; hq;=h hk ye`.Su flaisg we;s úh'
Tyqf.a lsheùfï§ wkdjrKh jQfha mqgqjl=;a iu. flkl= c,dYhlg ;,aÆ lrk njh' fndfyda fofkla ta .ek úuikakg fidhd n,kakg jQy' wE; w;S;fha wefußldfõ úiQ f.da;%slhka w;r tjeks pdß;%hla ;snQ nj miqj fldaI .%ka:hl ;sî fidhd .ekSug yels úh' wefußldfõ úiQ f.da;%sl msßi uka;%ldßhkag wkqlïmdjla fkdoelajQy' f.da;%slhkaf.a ielhg md;% jQ tjeks uka;%ldßhl ù kï wehg urK o`vqju kshu úh' tu ldka;dj mqgqjl ;nd .eg .id Èfha .s,ajd urd oeóu o`vqju úh' fï ld¾hh mejeÍ ;snqK ;eke;a;d o`vqju l%shd;aul flf<ah' Tyq mqgq .s,ajkakd f,i w;S;fha§ y÷kajd ;sfí' ;ud w;aú¢k ÿlaL fodaukiaihka ysxid mSvd l=ulaoehs flais yuqùug meñK úuid ;snqfKa by; ld,fha tu f.da;%slhkaf.a rdcldßh bgq l< ;eke;a;dh'
lsheùula i|yd meñKs ;j;a whl=f.a mQ¾j ckauh .ek flais úia;rhla flf<ah' Tyq fuu ckaufha§ n¾kdÜ fia hk kñka y÷kajd we;ehs flais fudayk kso%dfõ§ lSh' fmr tla lf,l j¾ðkshdfõ f.kaßflda kue;s fldar,fha Ôj;aj we;s fyf;u isú,a hqoaOfha§ ol=Kq foaYfha fin<l= jYfhka fiajh lr ;sfí' fï ;eke;a;df.a f;dr;=re úia;r jd¾;d ,sms f,aLk wdÈh ;ju;a fykaßflda fldar,fha yuqod f,aLkd.drj, we;s njo flais ish fudayk kso%dfjys§ fy<s flf<ah' lsheùu weiQ ;eke;a;dg ;udf.a f;dr;=re oek .ekSfï ßish Wiaikak úh' fyf;u fykaßflda fldar,hg .sh o úia;r yuqfkdúKs' fï ms<sn| f;dr;=re m%foaYfha wêlrK f,aLkd.drfha we;s njg Tyqg wk;=rej oek.kakg ,enqfK;a Tyq t;ekg f.dia wêlrKfha f,alïjrhd yuqúh' tu f,alïjrhd mejeiqfõ tu ishÆu f,aLk j¾ðkshd rdcHfha mqia;ld,hg f.k .sh njh' fuu f,aLk tu mqia;ld,fha merKs jd¾;d fomd¾;fïka;=fõ ksjerÈj we;s nj o lSh' bka wffO¾h fkdjQ fï ;eke;a;d tu ia:dkhg f.dia mÍlaId lsÍfï§ n¾kdÜ fia kue;s fid,aodÿjdf.a úia;r merKs f,aLk j, ;sî yuqù we;' 1841 j¾Ifha§ Wmka fyf;u úis tla yeúßÈ úfha§ tkï 1862 § hqo yuqodfõ c;%Odßhl= jYfhka rdcldßhg ne÷Kq nj wkdjrKh úh' fï wkaofï lsheùï ksid fï Ôú;hg fmr Ôú;hla we;s njg lreKq ldrKd ms<s.ekSug flaisg isÿúh' l%sia;= O¾ufha o fmr Ôú;hla .ek we;s wjia:d .ek ,eu¾ia o ks;r ks;r flaisg lSfõh'
maf,afgda" mhs;.ria" maf,daákqia" f.df;a" n%Efkda" fcda¾odfkda" tu¾ika wd§ka o mqk¾ckaujdoh úYajdi lrkakka nj flais oek .;af;ah'
iEu Ôúhl=f.au wdfõKsl ,laIK" .;s isß;a" nqoaêh tlsfkldg fjkiaùug ckaufhka ckauhg yev.eiqKq O¾u;djka fya;=jk nj Tyq oek.;af;ah'
flaisg mq;=ka fofokl= úh' Tyq orejkaf.a w;S; isÿùï .ek lsheùula .;af;ah'
fï orejd by; wd;auj,;a b;d nqoaêuf;la' tl msg tl jYfhka f.jQ Ôú; y;rl§u Tyq úoHd{hl= jYfhka lghq;= lr ;sfnkjd'
fudayk kso%dfõ§ ;u mq;l= .ek lS újrKh flaisg m%;HlaI úh' ukao Tyqf.a mq;%hd tjeks pß; iajNdjhlska hq;=j lghq;= lrkakl= jQ neúks' ikaiqka .;s we;a;l= jQ neúks' flaisf.a wfkla orejd Bg yd;amiskau fjkia l,n,ldrfhla jQfõh'
Tyq .ek lsheùula .;a l, mejeiqfõ Tn fydiai <`.ska ueiail=g hkakg neß ;rï wfhla' ^jyd fldam jkafkls'& Tn tx.,ka;fha .; l< Ôú;h;a" Bðma;=fõ f.jQ Ôú;h;a wjdikdjka; f,i úkdY lr .;af;a Th yÈis fldamh ksid' fï Ôú;fha isg fyda ta fldamh uev.ekSug W;aidy orkak hkqfjks'
;u orejka mjd ;uka fukau óg by; úúO rgj, Ôj;a jQ mqoa.,hka nj flaisg ta wkqj ;SrKh lrkakg isÿ úh' lsishï ixisoaêhlg fya;=jk m,ho ^l¾u m,& ixidßl mqreÿ o flkl=g ;Èka n,mj;ajk nj ta wkqj meyeÈ,s úh'
ffjka *%S iy fâúâ ú,afldla úiska flaisf.a fï wOHhk lsheùï jd¾;d miq lf,l ^flaisf.a urKfhka miq& f;dard fírd .kq ,eìKs'
flaisf.a lshùï jd¾;d ms<sn|j o lsishï oekqïj;a lsÍula wjYH fõ' flais lsheùï lrkafka fudayk kso%dfõ§ neúka bka ñÿKq úg ;uka lS foa .ek flaisg jegySula ke;' ta ksid ,eu¾ia fyda f,aä fyda m%Yak wihs' f,alïjßhla flais lshk ms<s;=re ,shd .kshs' tfia ,shd igyka lr.;a jd¾;d flaisf.a jd¾;d f,i ye¢kafõ' fï jd¾;d wo;a wdrlaIs;j ;ndf.k mÍlaIK meje;afõ' flaisf.a m%ldYk f;dard fírd .ekSug wo mjd mÍlaIK meje;afõ'
tâ.d flaisf.a fï lsheùï jd¾;d ixLHdj y;<sia oyila 40"000 muK fj;ehs .Kka n,d ;sfí' ;j;a ;efkl ta ixLHd ody;r oyila ^14"000& f,i o i|yka fõ' flais wkdjrKh lr.;a wkaoug udkjhd úmßKduh jk i;a;ajfhls' pd,aia vdúkaf.a YdÍßl mßKduh fukau wdOHd;añl úmßKduhkao Tyqf.a jd¾;dj, oelafjk nj ffjka *%S iy fâúâ ú,afldla fidhdf.k we;' flaisf.a jd¾;d wkqj Tjqka fofokd wkdjrKh lrk fï úmßKduh wkqj udkj wd;auh Ôú;fhka Ôú;hg mqk¾ckauh ,nhs' tu Ôjk fyj;a wd;au ix>gl ;rx.hla u.ska tlg ne£ ;sfí' rjqulg w;aje,a w,a,d tlg isák msßila fuka tu tlsfklg iïnkaO ùuls' fï iïnkaO;dj j¾;udkfha y÷kdf.k we;s ujqmshkaf.ka ,efnk ã'tka'ta' cdk ,laIKhg iudk fõ' fuu.ska uqyqKqjr" fm!reIh iy pß;dx. wLKavj wÑka;j bÈßhg meñfKa' YÍrhla ks¾udKh ùfï§ fï l¾óh m%;sM, o l¾óh ,laIKo f.dkq miq mi wefok .e, fuka iïnkaO jk nj oelafjk jd¾;dj, bxðfkarejl= jk fcdaima uh¾ia ffjoH fjda,ag¾ fiïlsõ ikd: lr ;sfí'
fmr Ôú; yd wd.ñl u;jdoh fufia ksrdlrKh jk úg flaisg ;j;a m%Yakhla we;súh'
wo Ôj;a jkafka wE; w;S;fha isg tk pß; kï tkak tkaku ck.ykh jeäjkafka flfiao@
flaisf.a ys;j;=ka jQ .a,eisia fâúia" ,eu¾ia ,skavka f.%dah¾ we;=¿ ish,af,dau oy wf;a l,amkd lrkakg jQy' ;¾l lrkakg jQy' jdo újdo l<y'
flaisf.a lsheùï u.skau ms<s;=re fidhd .ekSug Tjqyq W;aidy .;ay' flais kso%djg msúisfhah'
jeäjk ck.ykh jYfhka Wm; ,nkakg fmr wd;au Ôú; ;snqfKa o m%Yakh ke.sKs'
ms<s;=r Tõ hkak flaisf.ka wdfõh'
tfia msßi jeäjkafka flfiao@
wld,fha jekiS .sh ¥m;a j,ska iy fjk;a .%y f,dalj,ska hk f,i flaisf.a ms<s;=r úh'
ish,af,dau ;=IaKsïN+; jQy' .,a.eiS .shy' tfia kï fjk;a .%yf,dalj, ñksiqka i;a;ajhka fjfikjdo@ wld,fha úkdY jQ ¥m;a yd rgj,a fudkjdo@ ldg ldg;a m%Yakhla úh'
fï .ek È.ska È.gu fudayk kso%dfjka flaisf.ka lreKq úuikq ,eìKs' ms<s;=re o §¾> tajd úh' úia;r iys; úh' fï úia;r w;r lshejqKq Bðma;=j ms<sn| jeäÿr m%Yak lsÍfï§ msróv j, iq,uq, o fy<súKs'
we;a; jYfhkau fujeks ia:dk ;snqfKa o .%yf,dalj, Ôùka isákafka o hkak ldf. ldf.;a is;aj, ke.=Kq m%Yakj,g ms<s;=re fidhkakg úh' ta i|yd ,eu¾ia fmruqK .;af;ah'
w;a,dka;sla id.rfha c,hg hgjqKq w;a,dka;slh .ek kso%djg m;ajQ flaisf.ka úueiSfï§ ta ms<sn| m<uqfjkau fy<sl< ngysr f,dalfha m<uq ;eke;a;d maf,afgdah' ta l%sia;= mQ¾j ;=kajeks ishjfia§h'
weÜ,kaáia úkdY ù .sfha l%sia;= mQ¾j 10"500 § nj flais úia;r flf<ah' flaisf.a m%ldY lr we;af;a uydoaùmh úkdY jk njg nqoaêu;a Ôúhl= l,ska m%ldY l< njh' ta m%ldYh úYajdi l< fndfyda fokl= wdrlaIs; ia:dk lrd m,d .sh njh' jeä fokl= Bðma;=jg f.dia trg ixj¾Okh l< njh' wNHjldY hdkd mjd ;snqK nj lshk Tjqka fjk;a .%yf,dal j,go f.dia we;ehs lsh;s'
flais mjid we;af;a weÜ,kaáia uydoaùmh .ek f;dr;=re 1960 oYlfha § u;=jk njh' we;a; jYfhka fndfyda fokl= fï uydoaùmh h<s f.dvg u;=jk woyi l<;a flais úia;r lr we;s mßÈ lsisu ld,hl fkdjQ wkaoug ta ms<sn| mÍlaIK mj;ajd f;dr;=re .fõIKh lsÍfuka úia;r fy<sù ;sfí'
maf,afgda úia;r lr we;s wkaoug weÜ,kaáia l%sia;= mQ¾j 10"000§ md,kh lr we;af;a fmdisvka rcqh' Tyq bfjfkda¾ iy Æisfma fofokdf.a ÈhKsh jQ la,sfhfgda ish fufyish lrf.k ;sfí' fmdisvka yd la,sfhfgdag ksjqkakq fcdavq myla ,eî ;sfí' bka jeäu,a ksjqkakq fofokd weÜ,ia iy .eâria jQy' wfkla ksUq,aÆ fcdavq weïfmaria iy bfõuka " fufk iSjqia iy TfgdaÉ;ï " t,eismia iy fuiag¾ " nd,u fcdavqj wfiaia iy vhiaÍmia jQy'
fï oi fokdg md,kh fldgia lr § ;sìKs'
weÜ,ia n,jka;hd úh' fyf;u l÷lrh md,kh flf<ah' y¾lshq,siaf.a l=Æk hk m%foaYho Tyqg wh;aj ;sìKs'
md,lfhda b;d olaI f,i rg md,k lf<dah' Tjqka fjk;a rgj, wdl%uKhgo .scqù we;'
ta wkqj Tjqyq hqo je§ ,sìhdj o" Bðma;=j olajd o" hqfrdamd uydoaùmfha áf¾kshdj olajd o w;am;a lr .;ay' l%u hg;a lr.;a rgj, jeisfhda ;ukaf.a jyÆka jYfhka fhdod.kq ,enQy' fï ksid Bg tfrys jQ rdcHhka ikaOdkhlg t<eU .súiqulg ne÷Kdy' túg trg rdcHh;a l|jqre follg ne¢Ks' weÜ,kaáia ;ksj tl rgls' Bg tfrys ikaOdk .; l|jqr w;Ekshdkqfjda kï jQy' Tjqkaf.a wfmalaIdj jQfha weÜ,kaáia wêrdcHh hg;g m;a ;u n, m%foaY uqod .ekSuh' n,ldufhka jevqKq weÜ,kaáhdkqjka ;uka lrkafka l=ulao mjd fkdoek Wu;=ùu ksid tla nqoaêuf;la úkdYhla w; <Û njg wkdjelshla lSfõh' rÜgqkag yels mßÈ wdrlaIdj m;d hEug lSfõh' Tyq ta i|yd fmruqK .;af;ah' Tyqf.a ku rdgdh' fyf;u msßila iu. Bðma;=jg .sfhah'
weÜ,kaáhdkqfjda hdkdj, ke.S fjk;a .%yf,dal j,g .sh njo lsh;s' tfia .sfhda ;u ;ukaf.a ixialD;s YsIagdpdr wdrïN l<y'
flais úia;r lr we;s mßÈ we;eïyq ÈhqKqfõ fl<jrg f.dia ;u ;ukaf.a .%yf,dal mqmqrjd .ksñka úkdY jQy' fufia jQfha idrO¾u .=KO¾u msßySu ksid foaj fldamhlsks' fufia úkdY jQ tla .%yf,dalhla ue,afvla kñka ye¢kafõ'
tys jeishka fjk;a .%yf,dal j,g m,d .sh nj flais meyeÈ,sju úia;r lr ;sfí' Tkak Th lshk wkaofï Wu;= ;;a;ajhg m;a weÜ,kaáia uydoaùmh o tl Èklska tl rd;%shlska uqyqÿ n;aù ;sfí' tfia úkdYù we;af;a iqkdñfhka njo u;hls' uqyqo .e,Sfuka njo i|ykah' ta flfia fj;;a weÜ,kaáia oaùmh .s,ajñka ke.=Kq c, lf|a uÜgu Bðma;=fõ msróâ j, o igykaj we;s nj i|yka fõ'
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