fld<U - uykqjr m%Odk ud¾.fha lvq.kakdfõ msysá iqm%lg ., úomq ;ek Tn wkka;j;a oel ;sfnkakg mq¿jks' tfukau oYl .Kkdjl isgu fkd tfia kï ishjilg wêl ld,hl isgu ta ;=<ska Tn fudn .uka lrkakgo we;' .e,a lr;a; wdÈfha mgka kùk fudag¾ r:hla olajdu ., úomq ;ekska hkakg tkakg we;'wm rfÜ mq¿,a uyd ud¾. bÈ lsÍfï mqfrda.dóka jkafka hg;a úð; md,lhkah' úfYaIfhkau bx.%Sis cd;slhkah' furg b;sydifha kj mßÉfþo tl;= l< Tjqkaf.a l%shdldrlï w;r fld<U - kqjr uyd ud¾.h bÈ lsÍu o iqúfYaIS jeo.;alulska hq;=h'
iqÿ cd;slhkag kj uyd ud¾. bÈ lsÍfï wjYH;dj we;s jQfha Tjqkaf.a fjf<| o%jH m%jdykh wruqK fmroeß lr f.kh' uyd ud¾. fukau ÿïßh ud¾. o rfÜ ixj¾Okh flfrys bÈ flrefKa tf,iskah'
isxyf,a wdl%uKh lsÍug meñKs m%;sldÆkag fukau ,kafoaiSkago th isÿ l< fkdyels jQy' tu ksid fjr< ;Srh wdY%s; iSñ; m%foaY lsysmhl n,h w,a,d f.k iekiSug Tjqkag isÿjQy' Tjqyq lkao Wvrg rcqg iSñ; n,mEula isÿ lrñka fjr<nv m%foaYj, fjf<|dï lghq;= isÿ l<y'
ysre fkdnisk wêrdcHhla f,i tl, f.dv kef.ñka isá bx.%SiSkag kï lkao Wvrg lsÍgh ,nd .ekSug yelsjQy' 1797 § meñK 1815 ud¾;= udifha 2 jeksod jk úg isxyf,a md,kh ish;g .ekSug Tjqkag yelsj ;sìKs' kuq;a Èjhsfka kka foiska mek ke.=Kq úuqla;s wr.,hkag uqyqK fokakg jßka jr Tjqkag isÿjQy'
ish hg;a úð;hla f,i furg wdKavqldrjrfhl= hgf;a md,kh lrùug bkamiq n%s;dkHfhda l%shd l<y' ish fjf<| lghq;= isÿ lrf.k heug mq¿,a ud¾. moaO;shl wjYH;dj o fï ksid Tjqkag we;s jQy' n%s;dkH wdKavqldr i¾ tâj¾â ndkaia ^1820 - 1831& ta w;r iqúfYaIS mqoa.,fhls' furg uyd ud¾. bÈ lsÍfï mqfrda.dñhd f,i ie,flkafka t;=udh'
i¾ tâj¾â ndkaia wdKavqldr;=ud úiska fld<U - kqjr ud¾.h bÈlsÍfï lghq;= úYajdifhka hq;=j Ndr flrefKa lemagka fvdaikagh' t;=ud olaI jD;a;sh bxðfkarefjls' ish rdcldÍ lghq;= Ndr.;a miqj m<uq ld¾hh 1820 § bÈlsÍï lghq;= wdrïN lrk ,o fld<U - kqjr uyd ud¾.h bÈ lsÍuhs'
isxyf,a msysá m<uqjeks m%Odk;u ud¾.h f,i kï fldg ;sfnkafka fld<U - kqjr tu ud¾.hhs' tu ud¾.h bÈ lsÍu bx.%Sis md,lhka ;enQ fhdaO mshjrls'
l÷" fy,a" Èhoyrd" .,a m¾j; wd§ iajdNdúl ndOl ch .ksñka bÈßhgu mdr iliñka .sh lemagka fvdaika lvq.kakdfõ 62 jeks ie;mqï lKqj msysgqjd we;s m%foaYfha§ u|la k;r lf<ah' ta ud¾. ie,iqfï wmQre fjkila isÿ lsÍfï wáfhks'
lvq.kakdfõ isg lkao Wvrg uykqjrg we;af;a ie;mqï 10 ls' Wvrg rdcOdkshg msúiqï uOHia:dkh f,i i,lk ,oafoa tu lvq.kakdjhs' tu ia:dkfha§ k;r jQ lemagka fvdaikag ta i|yd n, l< lreKla úh' ta isxy, ck m%jdohls' Bg ìhù fyda th úYajdi lsÍu ksidh' ke;fyd;a Bg .re lsÍula jYfhks'
bx.%SiSka furgg meñKsho 1815 olajdu lkao Wvrg hg;a lr .ekSug Tjqka úiska W;aidy ork ,o ishÆ m%h;akhka jHr: jQy' bx.%SiSkag lkao Wvrg myiqfjka ch .kakg isxy, úrefjda bv fkd;enQy' Èú ysñfhka Wvrg lsÍgh wdrlaId lr.kq msKsi igka l<y' f*âßla fkda¾;a wdKavqldrhd úiska lkao Wvrgg hjk ,o fâõ m%uqL bx.%Sis fid,aodÿjka msßi;a fcdkaiagka m%uqL msßi;a meroùug isxy,fhda iu;a jQy' lkao Wvrgg we;=¿ ùug Tjqkag yelshdjla ,enqfKa ke;' tf,i lkao Wvrgg we;=¿ ùug Tjqka úiska .kakd ,o W;aidyhka jH¾: jQfha jrla fojrla muKla fkdfõ'
y;r fldar<fha f,õfla rd<f.a kdhl;ajfhka frdlajQ yuqodfjda úYd, igkla 1803 § bx.%Siskag úreoaOj fufyh jQy' tys§ f,õfla rd< we;=¿ isxy,fhda ch.%yKh l<y' tu ch.%yKfhka i;=gg m;ajQ f,õfla rd< úiska tl, Wvrg ck;dj w;r meje;s ck úYajdihla yd ne÷Kq ck lúhla bx.%Sis wdKavqldrjrhd fj; hEjQy'
lkao Wvrg .kak i.hka
wehso fï yeá lei ljkafka
ìkao fyd;a ., lkao Wvyg
f;dms;a Wvrg rc lrkafka
kkafoiska mek wdj ,kafoais
mrx.ska merÈ,d hkafka
;=x. n, isõ fldarf<a
yuqodj ks;s rlskafka
f,õfla rd< úiska hjk ,o tu lúh bx.%SiSka fj; meyeÈ,s lrk ,oafoa f;da,al uqo,s úisks' bx.%Sis wdKavqldrhdf.a fukau lemagka fvdaika f.a is; ii, lsÍug ;rï Bg yels úh' lkao Wvrg rdcHh wdl%uKh fldg tys WKqiqu myj hkakg;a fmr 1818 § ;j;a m%n, le/,a,lg uqyqK fokakg o bx.%SiSkag isÿúh' tjeks wr.,j,g È.ska È.gu uqyqK fokakg isÿjqjfyd;a isxyf,a hg;a lr .ekSfï m%fhdackh fkd,eî hkq we;ehs Tjqyq l,amkd lrkakg jQy'
o<od jykafia ,nd.ekSu fukau lvq.kakd ., ì£u o isxyf,a md,kh lsÍug kï isÿ l< hq;=uh' fld<U isg lkao Wvrgg uyd ud¾.h bÈ lsÍfï lghq;= lemagka fvdaika h<s wdrïN lf<a tu wNsfhda.h o Ndr .ksñkah'
fld<U - kqjr ud¾.fha lvq.kakdj ., úomq ;ek fixlv.,g msúiSfï werUquhs' 1828 § tys msysá t;rï úYd, fkdjQ ., isÿre lrñkau Bg ud¾.h bÈ lf<ah' th u`. yer fyda th myiqfjka bj;a fldg ud¾.h bÈl< yelsj ;snqKo tf,i ., úÈk ,oafoa Wvrg meje;s ckm%jdoh ksidh'
fld<U - uykqjr uyd ud¾.h bÈlsÍu ish Ôú;hg jvd jeo.;a f,i ie,l+ lemagka fvdaika fï ksid úOdhl bxðfkare ;k;=rgo Wiia lrk ,§' ud¾.h fjkqfjkau ish Ôú;h lem fldg isá lemagka fvdaika 1829 § frda.hla je<£ ñh .sh nj bx.%Sis f,aLl fcdaíia i|yka lrhs'
lvq.kakdfõ msysá iqm%lg fvdaika l=¿K bÈ fldg we;af;a lemagka fvdaika isysùu msKsih' wä 125 la muK Wie;s th bÈ lsÍu i|yd mjqï 343 la jehù we;' fvdaikaf.a ñ;=rka úiska ish ñ;=rd fjkqfjka tu uqo,a tl;= fldg fvdaika l=¿K bÈ l<y'
Wvrg meje;s ck m%jdohka ksid lemagka fvdaika isÿ l< ld¾hh wo Y%S ,xldfõ Wreuhla njg m;a ù we;' kuq;a th wkd.;hg ;s<sK lsÍug kï fï rfÜ Wreuhka iq/lSug isák ue;s weue;sjrekaf.a ie,ls,a, fhduq úsh hq;= njo wjOdrKh lrñka fuu igyk k;r lruq'
Oïñl rKùr
iqÿ cd;slhkag kj uyd ud¾. bÈ lsÍfï wjYH;dj we;s jQfha Tjqkaf.a fjf<| o%jH m%jdykh wruqK fmroeß lr f.kh' uyd ud¾. fukau ÿïßh ud¾. o rfÜ ixj¾Okh flfrys bÈ flrefKa tf,iskah'
isxyf,a wdl%uKh lsÍug meñKs m%;sldÆkag fukau ,kafoaiSkago th isÿ l< fkdyels jQy' tu ksid fjr< ;Srh wdY%s; iSñ; m%foaY lsysmhl n,h w,a,d f.k iekiSug Tjqkag isÿjQy' Tjqyq lkao Wvrg rcqg iSñ; n,mEula isÿ lrñka fjr<nv m%foaYj, fjf<|dï lghq;= isÿ l<y'
ysre fkdnisk wêrdcHhla f,i tl, f.dv kef.ñka isá bx.%SiSkag kï lkao Wvrg lsÍgh ,nd .ekSug yelsjQy' 1797 § meñK 1815 ud¾;= udifha 2 jeksod jk úg isxyf,a md,kh ish;g .ekSug Tjqkag yelsj ;sìKs' kuq;a Èjhsfka kka foiska mek ke.=Kq úuqla;s wr.,hkag uqyqK fokakg jßka jr Tjqkag isÿjQy'
ish hg;a úð;hla f,i furg wdKavqldrjrfhl= hgf;a md,kh lrùug bkamiq n%s;dkHfhda l%shd l<y' ish fjf<| lghq;= isÿ lrf.k heug mq¿,a ud¾. moaO;shl wjYH;dj o fï ksid Tjqkag we;s jQy' n%s;dkH wdKavqldr i¾ tâj¾â ndkaia ^1820 - 1831& ta w;r iqúfYaIS mqoa.,fhls' furg uyd ud¾. bÈ lsÍfï mqfrda.dñhd f,i ie,flkafka t;=udh'
i¾ tâj¾â ndkaia wdKavqldr;=ud úiska fld<U - kqjr ud¾.h bÈlsÍfï lghq;= úYajdifhka hq;=j Ndr flrefKa lemagka fvdaikagh' t;=ud olaI jD;a;sh bxðfkarefjls' ish rdcldÍ lghq;= Ndr.;a miqj m<uq ld¾hh 1820 § bÈlsÍï lghq;= wdrïN lrk ,o fld<U - kqjr uyd ud¾.h bÈ lsÍuhs'
isxyf,a msysá m<uqjeks m%Odk;u ud¾.h f,i kï fldg ;sfnkafka fld<U - kqjr tu ud¾.hhs' tu ud¾.h bÈ lsÍu bx.%Sis md,lhka ;enQ fhdaO mshjrls'
l÷" fy,a" Èhoyrd" .,a m¾j; wd§ iajdNdúl ndOl ch .ksñka bÈßhgu mdr iliñka .sh lemagka fvdaika lvq.kakdfõ 62 jeks ie;mqï lKqj msysgqjd we;s m%foaYfha§ u|la k;r lf<ah' ta ud¾. ie,iqfï wmQre fjkila isÿ lsÍfï wáfhks'
lvq.kakdfõ isg lkao Wvrg uykqjrg we;af;a ie;mqï 10 ls' Wvrg rdcOdkshg msúiqï uOHia:dkh f,i i,lk ,oafoa tu lvq.kakdjhs' tu ia:dkfha§ k;r jQ lemagka fvdaikag ta i|yd n, l< lreKla úh' ta isxy, ck m%jdohls' Bg ìhù fyda th úYajdi lsÍu ksidh' ke;fyd;a Bg .re lsÍula jYfhks'
bx.%SiSka furgg meñKsho 1815 olajdu lkao Wvrg hg;a lr .ekSug Tjqka úiska W;aidy ork ,o ishÆ m%h;akhka jHr: jQy' bx.%SiSkag lkao Wvrg myiqfjka ch .kakg isxy, úrefjda bv fkd;enQy' Èú ysñfhka Wvrg lsÍgh wdrlaId lr.kq msKsi igka l<y' f*âßla fkda¾;a wdKavqldrhd úiska lkao Wvrgg hjk ,o fâõ m%uqL bx.%Sis fid,aodÿjka msßi;a fcdkaiagka m%uqL msßi;a meroùug isxy,fhda iu;a jQy' lkao Wvrgg we;=¿ ùug Tjqkag yelshdjla ,enqfKa ke;' tf,i lkao Wvrgg we;=¿ ùug Tjqka úiska .kakd ,o W;aidyhka jH¾: jQfha jrla fojrla muKla fkdfõ'
y;r fldar<fha f,õfla rd<f.a kdhl;ajfhka frdlajQ yuqodfjda úYd, igkla 1803 § bx.%Siskag úreoaOj fufyh jQy' tys§ f,õfla rd< we;=¿ isxy,fhda ch.%yKh l<y' tu ch.%yKfhka i;=gg m;ajQ f,õfla rd< úiska tl, Wvrg ck;dj w;r meje;s ck úYajdihla yd ne÷Kq ck lúhla bx.%Sis wdKavqldrjrhd fj; hEjQy'
lkao Wvrg .kak i.hka
wehso fï yeá lei ljkafka
ìkao fyd;a ., lkao Wvyg
f;dms;a Wvrg rc lrkafka
kkafoiska mek wdj ,kafoais
mrx.ska merÈ,d hkafka
;=x. n, isõ fldarf<a
yuqodj ks;s rlskafka
f,õfla rd< úiska hjk ,o tu lúh bx.%SiSka fj; meyeÈ,s lrk ,oafoa f;da,al uqo,s úisks' bx.%Sis wdKavqldrhdf.a fukau lemagka fvdaika f.a is; ii, lsÍug ;rï Bg yels úh' lkao Wvrg rdcHh wdl%uKh fldg tys WKqiqu myj hkakg;a fmr 1818 § ;j;a m%n, le/,a,lg uqyqK fokakg o bx.%SiSkag isÿúh' tjeks wr.,j,g È.ska È.gu uqyqK fokakg isÿjqjfyd;a isxyf,a hg;a lr .ekSfï m%fhdackh fkd,eî hkq we;ehs Tjqyq l,amkd lrkakg jQy'
o<od jykafia ,nd.ekSu fukau lvq.kakd ., ì£u o isxyf,a md,kh lsÍug kï isÿ l< hq;=uh' fld<U isg lkao Wvrgg uyd ud¾.h bÈ lsÍfï lghq;= lemagka fvdaika h<s wdrïN lf<a tu wNsfhda.h o Ndr .ksñkah'
fld<U - kqjr ud¾.fha lvq.kakdj ., úomq ;ek fixlv.,g msúiSfï werUquhs' 1828 § tys msysá t;rï úYd, fkdjQ ., isÿre lrñkau Bg ud¾.h bÈ lf<ah' th u`. yer fyda th myiqfjka bj;a fldg ud¾.h bÈl< yelsj ;snqKo tf,i ., úÈk ,oafoa Wvrg meje;s ckm%jdoh ksidh'
fld<U - uykqjr uyd ud¾.h bÈlsÍu ish Ôú;hg jvd jeo.;a f,i ie,l+ lemagka fvdaika fï ksid úOdhl bxðfkare ;k;=rgo Wiia lrk ,§' ud¾.h fjkqfjkau ish Ôú;h lem fldg isá lemagka fvdaika 1829 § frda.hla je<£ ñh .sh nj bx.%Sis f,aLl fcdaíia i|yka lrhs'
lvq.kakdfõ msysá iqm%lg fvdaika l=¿K bÈ fldg we;af;a lemagka fvdaika isysùu msKsih' wä 125 la muK Wie;s th bÈ lsÍu i|yd mjqï 343 la jehù we;' fvdaikaf.a ñ;=rka úiska ish ñ;=rd fjkqfjka tu uqo,a tl;= fldg fvdaika l=¿K bÈ l<y'
Wvrg meje;s ck m%jdohka ksid lemagka fvdaika isÿ l< ld¾hh wo Y%S ,xldfõ Wreuhla njg m;a ù we;' kuq;a th wkd.;hg ;s<sK lsÍug kï fï rfÜ Wreuhka iq/lSug isák ue;s weue;sjrekaf.a ie,ls,a, fhduq úsh hq;= njo wjOdrKh lrñka fuu igyk k;r lruq'
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