ueðla Ys,amSka Tfí weia rjgk ryia oek.kak leu;so@
h:d¾:h wjfndaO lr .ekSfï yelshdjlska f;dr jQ <uqkag;a" ,dia fõ.dia kqjr ixpdrlhkag;a úfkdaodiajdoh Wfoid lemjQ úIh lafIa;%hla f,ig yxjvq .eiS ;snqKq ueðla Ys,amh miq.sh mia wjqreÿ ld,hl isg úoHd lafIa;%h ;=< ysñlr f.k we;s f.!rj iïm%hqla; ckm%sh;ajh mqÿu t<jkiqÆh' ;sia jirlg wêl ld,hl isg rEmjdysksh Tiafia fukau ,dia fõ.dia ys iÔù f,io ueðla ixo¾Yk mj;ajñka ueðla lafIa;%fha ku.sh úÊcdlrejka fom<la f,i m%lg f¾ukaâ fcdaima fg,¾ yd fmka ð,Ü w;=ßka ueðla Ys,amfha uff;la lsisod fy<s fkdflrekq tys Ôj m%dKh n÷ jQ ryia lSmhla m<uq jrg fy<slsÍug miq.sh Èkl§ bÈßm;a jQfha fcdaima fg,¾h' ta úoHd lafIa;%h ;=< úfYaIfhkau iakdhq úoHd lafIa;%h ;=< uE;l isg ueðla Ys,amhg ysñj we;s wkfmalaIs; wjOdkh fl;rïo h;a iakdhq úoHdj yd ñksidf.a wjfndaO;d Yla;sh iïnkaOfhka foaYk isÿ lsÍug Tyqg ,efnk wdrdOkhka Èfkka Èk by< hEfï m%;sM,hla f,ih' ueðla Ys,amhg yÈisfha ysñ jQ fuu ckm%sh;ajhg fya;= olajñka jfrl Tyqf.a ñ;=re úoHd{hl= mjid we;af;a m¾fhaIK i|yd uQ,HdOdr ,nd fokakjqka úoHd.dr óhkag jvd ueðla Ys,amSka jvd;a wdl¾IKSh Ôù fldÜGdihla f,ig ie,lSu óg fya;=j njhs'
úoHdjg flfrk Wmldrhla f,i ueðla Ys,amh iïnkaOfhka ;udf.a oekqu ish ñ;=re úoHd{hd yd fnod yod.;a fg,¾g lD;.=K i,l=Kq jia ish úoHd.drfha jQ pqïnl wkqkdo m%;sìïn hka;%fha l%shdldÍ;ajh úoHd{ ñ;=rd úiska meyeÈ,s lrñka úYajdifhka hq;=j m%;s{d fok ,oafoa wkd.;fha Èkl fun÷ WmlrK ;udj ^fg,¾j& jvd;a olaI ueðla Ys,amshl= njg m;a lsÍug th Wmldr jkq we;s njhs' we;af;kau th iel iys;h'
iakdhq úoHd{hska hkq WmdhYS,S f,i /jàug ,la lsÍfuys,d w;aoelSïj,ska f;dr jQ kjlhka jk w;r ueðla Ys,amSka hkq jir oyia .Kkl isg udkj wjfndaO;d Yla;sh ms<sn|j md,l mÍlaIKhka ys kshe¿Kka nj lSu uqidjla fkdfõ' jfrl ;ud tfldf<dia yeúßÈ úfha miqj;a§ nd,olaIhka úiska bÈßfha ueðla fmkaùfuys kshe¿Kq l=vd fg,¾ Tjqkaf.a weia jid l=vd ud¿ gexlshla frÈ lvlska uqjd lsÍug oerE ;e; jer§ .sh l, tï'wd¾'whs' úoHd.drhl msysfgka tod Tyqg iroï f,i t,a, jQ .,a myrj,ska ñ§fï yelshdj ;snqfKa kï ;ud tfia lsÍug fkdmelsf,k nj fg,¾ mjikafkah' kuq;a ieneúkau úÊcd Wml%u hkq hka;% wdOdrfhka y÷kd .; yels jQjla fyda ñksia ixfõokd yd iïnkaO hdka;%sl úoHdjla fyda fkdj fma%laIlhkaf.a wjfndaO;d Yla;sh" yeisrùu yd ixfõok bkao%Skaf.ka ,efnk f;dr;=re .%yKh lr .ekSu hk ish,a,kaf.a ixl,khlau jk neúks' ñksid i;= tlS wjfndaO;d Yla;sfha úp,khka isÿ lsÍug úÊcdlrejka i;= yelshdj u; ueðla Ys,amfha id¾:l;ajh uq¿ukskau /£ mj;sk w;r my;ska jkqfha fmka úiska fmkajd fok tn÷ úÊcd Wml%uhka lSmhls'
1' y÷kd.ekSfï rgdfjka Wmßu M, fk<Su
ish w;l msáw,a, fma%laIlhd foig yrjd isáñka ߧ meye fvd,¾ ldis y;rla úÊcd n,fhka fma%laIlhd bÈßfha ujdmdk fg,¾ mia jeks ldishlao thdldrhgu f.kyer mEug m%:ufhka ish w;a, ish fma%laIlhkag oel.ekSug i,iajkqfha tys lsisjla ke;s nj ldg;a we`.ùughs' fydfuda fiamshkajrekag W;am;a;sfhka Wreu jQ iyc nqoaêh weiqfrka fma%laIlhd tlS rgdj y÷kd .kqfha ldis myu ujd fmkajk ,oafoa ysia w;a,lska njh hk úYajdih fmroeßjh'
2' úÊcdfõ ienE jákdlug jvd jeä lemùula th id¾:l lr .ekSug orkak
Tn wdfhdackh lsÍug n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkjdg jvd jeä ld,hla" Y%uhla" mqyqKqjla yd uqo,la lsishï úÊcd Wml%uhlg jeh lsÍug Tn iQodkï kï tjekakla w;sid¾:l jk nj lsisÿ ielhla ke;s nj ueðla Ys,amS fg,¾f.a woyihs' Bg ksoiqkla f,i ish i.hd jk fmka iu. bÈßm;a jQ ‘fâúâ f,g¾ukaf.a’ rEmjdyskS iïuqL idlÉPdjl§ fïih u; jQ f;dmamshlska iÔù lerfmd;a;ka mkaishhla msg;g .;a wjia:dj isysm;a lrñka fg,¾ mjikqfha ne¨ ne,aug ir, hehs yef`.k tu Wml%uh i|yd Tjqyq i;s .Kkla lemjQ njh' lSg úoHd{hl=f.ao iyh we;sj leurdj bÈßfha iqyoYS,Sj yeisfrk fiñka .ufka fhfok ^úfYaI mqyqKqjlska hq;=& lerfmd;a;ka iuQyhla f;dard fjkalr .;a fmka yd fg,¾ yg uqúka fkdneK fuu ms<sl=,a iy.; lDóka ish ksrej;a oE;ska we,a,Sugo úfYaI mqyqKqjla ,eìug isÿúh'
tfukau Tjqkaj /|ùu i|yd f;dmamsh ;=< úfYaIs; ryia l=áhla ;ekSugo Tjqkag isÿj ;sìKs' ksh; f,iu úÊcdfõ ieÛjqKq ri ñysr fkdokakd fma%laIl wmg fun÷ iq¿ ixisoaêhla fjkqfjka ork fï id uy;a jQ mßY%uh jeo.eïulg we;s fohla f,i fkdfmKqko úÊcdlrejka hkq ish id¾:l;ajh fjkqfjka ´kEu wka;hlg jqjo hEug fkdmiqng jkakka msßila nj wmg jgyd .; hq;=h'
3' iskyj" ;¾ldkql+,j is;Sug ndOdjls
fmka yd fg,¾ fom<f.a úÊcd oialïj, we;s Tjqkaf.a wkkH;dj yÛjk iqúfYaIS;ajh jkqfha m%yikd;aulj ish úÊcd Wml%u bÈßm;a lsÍuhs' iskyfjka l=,au;aj isákakl=f.a ukig ;d¾lslj is;Sfï yelshdj fkdue;s nj jgydf.k isák fmka o fg,¾ fom< ish weia nekaÿfï fma%laIlhkaf.a weia jid isÿl< hq;= iSreudre lsÍu yeuúgu m%yikd;aul bÈßm;a lsÍula w;r;=r§ isÿ lsÍug mfriaiï jkafkah'
4' fma%laIl uki /jàug wju f,i tljr Wml%u folla fyda Ndú;d lsÍu
fg,¾ yd fmka úiska ,dia fõ.dia ys bÈßm;a lrkq ,nk fndfyda ixo¾Ykj,§ krUkakka uú; lrjk ;j;a wmQreu wx.hla jkqfha mqyqKq iqkLhl= fuka l%shdYS,Sj oialï olajk wÔù ^tfy;a iÔù f,i oialï mdk& fnda,hls' fma%laIld.drfha isg lsisfia;a oelSug fkdyels ;rï ishqï jQ /yeklska fjfyi jkq ,nk fnda,h ,S j<,a,la ;=<ska lsysm jdrhla mksñka mK we;s i;ajhl= f,i yeisfrkafka n,d isákakl=g th kQ,lska fufyhjkq ,nk nj;a is;Sug fyda wjldY fkdfoñks' th kQ,lska fufyhjkq ,nk njla hful=g wdrïNfha§ is;=Ko j<Æ oialï u.ska tlS wdrïNl is;=ú,a, wfydais lr oukafka tjekakka lsisfia;a kQ,la wdOdrfhka isÿl< fkdyels nj ldg;a ye`.S hk mßÈ b;du ld¾hYQr f,i fg,¾ úiska fnda,h fufyhjk ksidh' ta udi oywgla mqrd oeä lemùfuka hq;=j isÿlrk ,o mqyqKqùïj, m%;sM,hla f,ih'
5' Wml%uh rduqfjka msg;g .ekSu
ueðla ixo¾Ykhla w;r;=r§ ish msg lndh Wkd mfilg úis lrk fg,¾ ish lñi idlal=fjka msg;g .kqfha úYd, ul=¿fjls' lndh Wkd oeóu fma%laIlhd jgyd .;a wdldrhg fg,¾ úiska ish myiqj ;ld isÿlrk ,oaola fkdj tlS uqjdfjka ul=¿jd msg;g .ekSug isÿl< Wml%uhls'
6' Tn Tngu lshd.kakd fndrej yer Tn rjgk wka hula ;j;a fkdue;
fg,¾ úiska by; i|yka l< Tyqf.a ueðla fnda,h iïnkaO weianekaÿug moku imhk ,oafoa 1907 jif¾§ fâúâ mS' wenÜ kï jQ Tudyd úÊcdlrejd úisks' olaI úÊcd Ys,amshl= jQ wenÜf.a m%lg ixo¾Yk wx.hla jQfha r;%ka meye;s fnda,hla Tyq jgd ksoe,af,a mdùug ie,eiaùu jQ w;r ish ixo¾Ykh ksuùfuka miqj fuu iqúfYaIS fnda,h wu;l ùfuka ixo¾Yk l=áh ;=<g oud .sh jdr fndfydah' wenÜf.a úÊcd oialï oelSfuka wmuK mqÿuhg m;aj isys t<jd.; fkdyelsj isák l=;=y,fhka msreKq fma%laIlhka fõÈldjg meñK fuu iqúfYaIS úÊcdjg n÷ka jQ fnda,h ish;skau w;.d ne,Sug ue,s kqjQjd fiau wêl nrlska hq;= tjekakla tfia ksoe,af,a mdfjkafka flfiaoehs lshd m%isoaêfha uú; ùugo miqng fkdjQy' kuq;a we;af;kau úÊcdj i|yd fhdod .kakd ,o fnda,h 140g la jeks wvq n/;s ieye,aÆ jQjla jQ w;r wenÜ úiska ´kElñkau w;miq fldg oud hk ,o fnda,h tys wê nr we;s wkqrejlau muKla úh'
jgyd.; hq;= lreK kï ueðla Ys,amsfhl= úiska Tngu hula w;m; .d ksÍlaIKh lsÍug bv foa kï bka Tyqf.a fndrej ì|,sh fkdyels f,i ia:djr jk njh'
7' fma%laIlhdgu hï f;aÍula lsÍug bv§u hkq ;ud iajdëkj l%shd l< nj Tyqg we`.ùuls
úÊcd Ys,amshd yd iïnkaO w÷reu f;areï .ekSug wmyiqu ufkdaúoHd;aul ryila f,i fg,¾ úiska y÷kajkq ,nk fuh meyeÈ,s lsÍug Tyq úiska lrodis l=Ügula weiqfrka l< úÊcdjla mshjfrka mshjr meyeÈ,s lrkqfha fyda i|yka l< ishÆu ryia m%dfhda.slj fhdok whqre tlu úÊcdjl leálr olajñks'
úÊcdj - lvodis l=Ügula .kakd fg,¾ fma%laIlhd bÈßfha th lSm jrla fyd¢ka l,jïfldg ;j;a lSm jdrhla lmkqfha tys we;s tlsfklg fjkia lrodis krUkakdg meyeÈ,sj Èiajk whqßks' bkamiqj lrodis l=Ügfï uqyqK;a my<g isák fia yrjd bka ;uka leu;s lrodishla f;dard .ekSug krUkakl=g bv yßk fg,¾ tys ;jo tlS fma%laIlhd fj;skau wid .kafkah' ^Wod ydr; /ðK& bka wk;=rej tlS lrodis ish;g .kakd fg,¾ th ish uqfõ r|jdf.k imd b;d wmyiqfjka hq;=j th .s,sk wdldrh;a th ish Worh fj; f.dia Ô¾Kh ù reêrh Tiafia ish ol=Kq mdoh fj; hk whqre fmkajñka úiqÆ iy.; rx.khl fhfokafka fma%laIld.drhu iskd ihqf¾ .s,ajñks'
ish ol=Kq mdoh Tijd fmkajk fg,¾ tys jQ mdjyka bj;a fldg ‘ydr; /ðK’ bj;g .ekSug ldâm; f;dard ÿka fma%laIlhdg bv yßkqfha ish,a,ka uú;hg m;a lrñks' tfiau fg,¾ úiska úÊcdj i|yd fhdod.;a lvodis l=Ügu oel .ekSug fma%laIlhdg bv ,enqfKfyd;a fg,¾f.a ol=Kq mdofhka u;=jQ ydr; /ðK tys fkdue;s njo Tyqg ksÍlaIKh lsÍug yelsjkq we;'
úÊcdfõ ie`.jqKq ryi ish,a,gu fmrd;=j fun÷ ;d;aúl weianekaÿï i|yd fmr iQodku w;HjYHh' ydr; /ðkla ish ol=KQ mdjyk ;=<go biafldamam wdishd fld<hla ish jï mdjykgo ld,dnr ;=kla ish miqïìhgo rejd .kakd fg,¾ tlS lrodis m;a ;=fkys msgm;a muKla wdOdrfhka iïmQ¾K lrodis l=Ügula ks¾udKh lr .kafka ta i|yd lrodis l=Ügï oywgla jeh lrñks'
^fkd' 2 jákdlug jvd jeä úhoula id¾:l;ajh fjkqfjka oeÍu& ldâ l=Ügu lsysm jdrhla lemSug ,la lrk fg,¾ ta ;=< jk tlsfklg fjkia ldâ m;a ;=k fma%laIlhdg oel.ekSug bv yßk w;r krUkakdf.a ks.ukh kï tho tlsfklg fjkia ldâm;a mkia follska hq;= idudkH lvodis l=Ügula njh' ^fkd ^1& y÷kd .ekSfï rgdj& bka ldâm;la f;dard .kakd fma%laIlhd is;kqfha ;ukag f;dard .ekSula isÿ lsÍugo wjia:djla ,enqKq njhs' ^fkd' ^7& f;dard .ekSu hkq ksoyi fkdfõ& fma%laIlhd úiska f;dard ÿka ldâm; fma%laIld.drfha isky yඬ ueo .s, ouk fg,¾ ^fkd' ^3& iskydj ;¾ldkql+, is;Sug ndOdjls& th ish ol=Kq jï mdoh fj; .uka l< nj w`.jñka ish mdjyk ;=< jk ydr; /ðKf.a ldâm; msg;g .ekSug th f;dard ÿka fma%laIlhdgu wdrdOkd lrkafka uq¿ fma%laIld.drhu mdjyfkka u;=jk ldâm; foi úYaufhka uqj whd n,d isák wiajeis,af,ka ;ud uff;la Ndú;d l< ldâm;a ;=kl wkqmsgm;aj,ska muKla iukaú; lvodis l=Ügu idudkH l=Ügulg laIKslj yqjudre lr .ekSugo wjia:dj ,nd .ksñks' ^fkd' 4 Wml%u folla ixfhdackh lsÍu& fuu l=Üguo fg,¾ úiska i`.jd .kq ,enQ fmr lS ldâm;a ;=k l,a we;sj bj;a lrk ,oaols' wk;=rej tlS lvodis l=Üguo m%dfhda.YS,S fg,¾ úiska l=;=y,fhka uäkq ,enQ fma%laIlhd w;g m;a lrkafka Tyqgu th mÍlaIdfldg n,d ;ud úiska fg,¾f.a mdofhka u;= lr.;a ldâm; tys fkdue;s nj ielyer ;yjqre lr .ekSugh'
^fkd' 6 Tn Tngu lshd .kakd fndrej& ix.S;h" is;=jïl¾uh fyda ldjH ks¾udKlrKh fiau úÊcd Ys,amho fi!kao¾h;ajfhka wkQk jQ iqkaor;ajh y÷kk úIh lafIa;%hla nj fg,¾f.a ms<s.ekSula jqjo ta iEu úÊcd Wml%uhlu wjika yrh jkqfha fma%laIlhdf.a wjfndaO;d Yla;sh Wr.d ne,Suh' tkï isys Wml%uh fma%laIlhd uq¿ukskau /jàug ,la lsÍug ;rï m%udKj;a jkafkao hkakhs' jir Y;j¾I .Kkdjla merKs o;a; idïm,hkag ysñlï lshk úÊcdlrejkaf.a úÊcd Ys,amhka h:d¾:hla njg m;ajk ;=reu isák jdrhla wiSñ; msßila úiska Ñrd;a ld,hla uq¿,af,a wkqlrKhg ,lafldg ;sfnkakls' tjeks jQ ft;sydisl mdrïmßl w;aoelSïj,ska imsß úÊcd l¾uho iakdhq úoHdj w;r j;aufkys ia:dmkh lsÍug W;aidy ork fuu wmQre ine¢hdj iïnkaOfhka lsj hq;= jkafka oekqfuka mßmQ¾K hehs is;d isák fuu iakdhq úoHd{hska mia idïm, tl;= lrñka isákafka úÊcdlrejka úiska ishjia .Kkdjlg tmsg isg is;shï .;fldg leKSï lghq;= isÿlrk ,o oejeka; l÷ jeáhla n÷ úIh mßphla ms<sn|j njhs'
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