f.dafõ m%;srdchdj isá m%ekaiskaflda o w,afïodf.a mq;a f,drkafidao w,afïod ud,Èjhsk uqyqÿ ;Srfha fj<|dfuys ksr;jk wdrdì fj<| keõ ms<sn| fidaÈis lrkq msKsi msg;a lr hejqKs' keõ 9l n, weKshla iu. fuu fufyhqfuys fhÿKq f,drkafida o w,afïodf.a lKavdhug uqyqK§ug isÿjQfha n,dfmdfrd;a;= fkdjq wlr;eínhlgh' id.rfhys yÈisfha we;sjQ l=Kdgq iy.; ;;ajh ksid fkdis;+ úrE ÈYdjlg kdúlhskg .uka lsÍug isÿúh' tf,i wyUq f,i .idf.k wdfõ ,xldjg hehs lshhs' fudjqka fld<U m%foaYhg f.dv neiai neõ we;uqkaf.a u;h jk w;r" .d,a, m%foaYhg meñKs neõ we;eïyq woyia lr;s'
,xldfõ fjr<nv l<dmh ;=< n,fldgqj ks¾udKh jQfha fuf,i l%u l%ufhka mD;=.Sis cd;syq fjr<nv l,dmh ;=, n,h ;yjqre lr.ekSu;a iu.h' ol=Kq ,l .d,a, fldgq mjqr ks¾udKh jQfha fuys m%;sM,hla f,ih' mD;=.Sis cd;slhka úiska .d,a, fldgqj ks¾udKh lsÍu wdrïN jQfha 1589 j¾Ifha§h' bÈlsÍï ms<sn| úia;r weia;fïka;= iys; f,aLk fuu f;dr;=re ikd: lrhs' .d,a, fldgqj ks¾udKh lsÍfuka mD;=.Sis cd;slhskag wjYH jQfha iajlSh hqO n,h .d,a, jrdh wdY%s;j jvd;a ;yjqre lr .ekSughs' ;ukag wjáka imhd .ekSug yels .,a" fmd,a fldgka jeks m%d:ñl wuqo%jH Wmhqla; lr .;a mD;=.Sis bxðfkarefjda w¾O oaùmsl yevfhka iajNdúlj msysáhd jQ .d,a, fldgqj m%foaYfha f.dvìug yd iïnkaO fldgfiys uqr wgÜgd, 3 la iys;j m%d:ñl uÜgñka fldgq neïu ks¾udKh lrkq ,enQy' ismkaÜ, Ydka; bhdf.da, fldkafiId f,i fuu uqr wÜgd, tl, ye¢kajQy' Tjqka ks¾udKh l, n, fldgqjg we;=,aùug oeä /lj,a fh¥ wdrlaIl fodrgqjla ;snqKs'
mD;=.Sis n, fldgqfõ u¾uia:dkh l¿ fldgqj f,i ye¢kaúh' wE;ska n,k flfkl=g fuu m%foaYh l¿ meyefhka Èiaùu ksid fuh l¿ fldgqj kñka ye¢kaùug fya;= 2 la úoaj;=ka fmkajd fohs' wdhqO ksIamdokh i|yd msysgd ;snQ" lïu,aj, jev ksid m%foaYh úYd, f,i l¿ meyehg yeÍu ksid;a tfukau fuu m%foaYh ;=, nyq, f,i ld,;=jlal= Ndú; lsÍu ksid m%foaYh w÷re meye.ekaùu l¿ fldgqj f,i ye¢kaùug fya;=j neõ iuyfrl=f.a u;hhs'
mD;=.SiSka md,kh l, jljdkqj ;=<o wÈhr lsysmhla hgf;a .dÆ fldgqj ixj¾Okh l, neõ fmfka'
mD;=.Siska úiska ks¾udKh lrkq ,enQ .dÆ fldgqfõ merKs is;shï mßudKdkql+, fkdjQjo ksjerÈ m%ldYkhls' n,fldgqfjys uqyqÿ m%foaYfhka msysá iajNdúl .,a m¾j; Ndú; lrñka uqyqo foiska iajNdúlj wdrlaIdj ;yjqre lr we;' lD;suj ;ekQ uqr wÜgd, u; r|jkq ,enQ ld,;=jlal= ;=,ska o f.dvìu fmfoiska wdrlaIdj i,id we;' we;' merKs is;=jï j,g wkqj mD;=.Sis fldgqj ;=, wd.ñl f.dvke.s,s ksjdi iy fj<| wdh;k /ila msysgd ;snqKq nj fmfka'
merKs f,aLk j,g mjq,a 275la muK mÈxÑj we;' n,fldgqj wdrlaId lsÍu i|yd mD;=.Sis fid,aodÿjka ,ialsß[a[ fyj;a foaYSh fyajdhska ldmsß cd;slhska ikakoaOj isg we;' 1640 ud¾;= udifha§ ,kafoais cd;sl ú,shï cdfldí fldaiag¾ we;=¿ msßig .d,a, fldgqj mD;=.Siskaf.ka ,nd.ekSug úYd, hqoaOhla lsÍug isÿúh' we;sjQ hqoaOh ksidu m%Odk uqr wÜgd, 3la iys; merKs fldgq mjqr úkdY úh' mD;=.Siskaf.ka ,kafoaiSkag ,nd.ekSug yelsjQfha tf,i úkdY ù .sh n, fldgqjls'
.d,a, m%Odk mßmd,k uOHia:dkh fldg ,xldfõ fjr<nv md,kh lsÍug ,kafoaiSka W;aidy .;af;a .d,a, fldgqj ie,iqï iy.; n,fldgq k.rhla f,i ks¾udKh lsÍu;a iu.h' ,kafoaiS jljdkq ;=< úúO wjia:dj, .d,a, fldgqj m%;sks¾udKh jQ nj m%kaiqjd je,kaghska, fyhsäÜ, rhsu¾ wd§ úfoaYSh cd;slhska úiska we¢ is;shï j, fukau is;=jï j,skao .d,a, fldgqj ;=<ska úoHudk jQ hqOuh mßirh meyeÈ,sfjhs'
mD;=.Siska iu. ,kafoaiSka we;s jQ hqoaOh ksid úkdY jQ .d,a, fldgqfõ bÈß uqr wÜgd, 3 kej; bÈl, ,kafoaiSyq SON" MAAN" STER neiaáhka f,ig kï ;enQy' SON neiaáhka fyj;a j¾;udkfha ysre wÜgd,h f,iska y÷kajk uqr wÜgd,h 1620§ wjika jrg mD;=.Sis cd;slhska úiska iïmQ¾K lrkq ,enqy' Ydka; bhdf.da fyj;a Ydka; fcaïia kñka mD;=.Sis ld,fha ye¢ka jQ fuu wÜgd,h 1667 fidka ZON fyj;a ysre wÜgd,h f,i kïlrkq ,eîh' .¾g¾ ä fid,s ñks kï tjlg ´,kao wdKavqldrjr ßÊ laf,d*a *ka .+kaia f.a ìß| úiska fjäuqr m;a;= lr wÜgd,h újD; lrkq ,eîh' ysre wÜgd,fha by< ud,fha isg my< ud,hg .uka lsÍug ilia l< ryia Wu. wog;a olakg ,efí' tys 1677 j¾Ih oelajQ .,a mqjrejla iúlr we;' ysre wÜgd,fha ryia hqO ldur 4la wog;a y÷kd.; yelsh' j¾;udkfha tu ia:dk wdrlaIl f.aÜgq fhdod wdjrK lr we;' ysre wÜgd,h fldgqjg we;=¿ jk uqr lfmd,a, iu. iu.dój wdrlaIdj imhd ÿka m%Odk uqr l|jqrhs' 1760 j¾Ifha fuu wÜgd,h u; ld,;=jlal= 15la r|jd ;snqKs' fldkafiId kï mD;=.Siska úiska ye¢kajq m%Odk uqr wÜgd,h ´,kao cd;slhska úiska ñÙ,a fmdhskaÜ, ñâ,a neiaáhka hk kïj,ska ye¢kajQy' 1667 § fuu wÜgd,h MEAN fyj;a i÷ wÜgd,h f,i kï lr újD; lrkq ,eîh' c¾uka cd;sl ld,;=jlal= fid,aodÿjka fuys /lj,a ,d we;' 1760 § fuu ia:dkfha ld,;=jlal= 19la r|jd ;snqKs' 1883 ks¾udKh l< wkaf;daksia Trf,daiqj lKqj fuys msysgd we;' tu Trf,daiq lKqj ilia lsÍug fmr ì;a;s follska iy wdrelal= .,a jy,lska ieÿï ,;a >kaGd l=¿Kla ,fydard ia:ïNhla f,i fuys ia:dms; lrl ;snqKs'
lej,sh¾ fyj;a leÜ fyda,a kï nxlrhla fuu i÷ wÜgd,fha msysgd ;snqKs' 263 fofkl=f.ka hq;= hqO fiakdxlhla fuys /qlj,a ,d isg we;s w;r" 1760 È ld,;=jlal= 109la fuys r|jd ;snqKs' fmrÈ. bka§h fj<| iud.u hgf;a fiajh l, ld,;=jla;= yuqod Nghska 19la fuu tallhg wkqnoaOj fiajh lr ;sfí' Trf,daiq lKqj wi, msysá ryia nxlrfha wdrelal= fodrgq wog;a y÷kdf.k we;s w;r" mj;akd wdrlaIl fya;=ka u; tu nxlrh jid oud we;' i÷ wÜgd,fha my< ud,hg we;=¿jk ia:dkh ol=Kq miska fmd<jg neish yels Wu.ls' fuu Wu. yryd ;drld wÜgd,hg ryia u.la jeà ;snqKs' j¾;udkfha fuu Wuf.a fldgila y÷kd.; yelsh'
mD;=.Sis cd;slfhda Ydka; wkaf;daks fyj;a iSmka f,i ye¢ka jQ f;jeks uqr wÜgd,h 1667 iag¾ fyj;a;drld wÜgd,h f,i kï ;enQy' ,kafoaiS wKfok ks,OdÍ wÈßhka rE;diaf.a ÈhKsh úiska ld,;=jlal= m;a;= lr fuu wÜgd,h újD; lrkq ,eîh' 1760 § fuu ia:dkfha ld,;=jlal= 6la r|jd ;snqKs' jvd;a ixlS¾K wdrlaIs; nxlr lsysmhla fuu wÜgd,fha y÷kd.; yel' tys my, ud,fha isg wdrlaIs; mäfm<lska fmd<j hgg msúish yels ryia Wu.ls' my, ud,h i÷ wÜgd,fhka fjka jkafka o wdrelal= yeve;s fodrgqjlsks' my, ud,fha mäfm,la oud ilia lr ;snQ Wu. wfkl=;a wÜgd, iu. in|;d meje;aùug ryia fodrgqjla fia ilia lr ;snqKd úh yelsh'
;drld wÜgd,h hg úYd, hqO ldurhls' ´,kao wjêfha fjä fnfy;a weUreïy, f,i fuh ye¢kajQy' jdia;=úoHd ,laIK wkqj isr ueÿrlg iudkh' jyÆka ,jd fuys fjäfnfy;a weUrE ksid isr ueÿr f,ig jHjydrhg meñfKkakg we;' tu ryia .nvdj wdrelal= wdldr .fvd¿ jy,lska ilia ù we;' we;=<g jd;h .uka lsÍug jdljq¨ iy l=vd cfk,a msysgd we;' ysre t<sh ,nd .ekSug L yevfha fõÈldjla bÈlr we;' we;=<; cfk,a .,a rduqj,ska ilid we;' we;=<g .uka lrkafkl=g w;S; wNsryia ie.jqKq .=ma; n,fldgqjl msysá isrueÿrl iajNdj ks;e;skau isys.kajhs'
;drld wÜgd,fha isg la,smkan¾.a uqr wÜgd,h olajd b;d msßisÿ fod< mdrla fldgq neïug iudka;rj b;d iqkaorj fldgq neïfuka my,g .,d ye¨Kq nj merKs f,aLkj, i|yka fõ' j¾;udkfha fuu fod< ud¾.h olakg fkd,enqK o j¾Idj iufha isyska Èh mdrla Èiajkq fmfka'
tj¨ia uqr wÜgd,h ,kafoais jljdkqfõ ksõfmdhskaÜ f,i ye¢kaúKs' iQlaIu f,i /lj,a ,d isáh yels hqO ldurhla olakg ,efí' wÜgd,h u; fgdka 7la n,hg fjä ;eìh yels ld,;=jlal=jla ;snqKq njg idOl we;' mia l÷j,g jeiS we;s ksid j¾;udkfha fuu ld,;=jlal=j y÷kd.; fkdyelsh' la,sm¾ka n¾.a uqr wÜgd,h u;o fgdka 7l ld,;=jlal= /|jqula olakg ,efí' fuu uqrwÜgd, 2l w;r fodrgq 3lska hq;a hqO ldur olakg ,efí' la,sm¾ka n¾.ays hqO ldur uyckhd i|yd újD; lr ;snqK o tj¨ia ys hqO ldur ;ju;a újD; lr fkdue;af;a wdrlaIl fya;+ka u;h' fid,aodÿjkaf.a wú wdhqO, fjäfnfy;a .nvdlr ;eîug;a Tjqkag ie`.j isàug;a fuu hqO ldur ilia l,d úh yelsh'
fldgq neïfï iEu ia:dkhlu i;=rka b,lal lr ;=jlal= r|jd wdrlaIs;j fjä ;eìh yels újD; ljq¿ ks¾udKh lr we;' fuu ljq¨ ieulgu tla ÈYdjlg foda,kh jk mßÈ .,a mdoï iúlr we;' ;=jlal=j ;,a¨ lsÍug fuu .,a mdoï Wmhqla; lr .kakg we;' yÈis wjia:dj,§ ;=jlal= .,a mdoï Èf.a ;,a¨lr fjä;eîu fid,aodÿjd i;= ld¾hhla úh' by;ska i|yka l< tj¨ia uqr wÜgd,h 1725 ksõfmdhskaÜ f,ig;a 1735 halve Bolwerh ^w¾O wÜgd,h& f,ig;a y÷kajd ;snqKs' 1770 § ;=jlal= 5la fuys fhdod ;snqKs' 1726 isg 1729 w;r ld,fha mSgDDia jqhsiaÜ wdKavqldrjrhd úiska fkmapQka uqr wÜgd,h bÈlrkq ,eîh' 1735 § ;=jlal= 8la fuys ia;dms; lr ;snqKs' tu wdKavqldrjrhd úiskau g%hsg%ka uqr wÜgd,h ks¾udKh lrkq ,eîh' ta ld,jljdkqj ;=, wdrlaIdj ;yjqre lsÍug úúO bÈlsÍï isÿl, nj ñka fmfka'
g%hsg%ka uqr wÜgd,h m%foaYh ;=< ì%;dkH md,kh iufha m%isoaO iq<x fuda,la iúlr ;snqKs' iq,x n,fhka C%shd;aul jQ fuu iq<x fuda, u.ska uqyqÿ c,h f.dvìug fmdïmlrk ,§' lr;a;j, iúlrkq ,enQ gexlsj,g uqyqÿ c,h mqrjkq ,enQ w;r" ffokslj fuu lr;a; u.ska ¥ú,s iys; mdrj,a j,g c,h biSu isÿlrk ,§' 1890 .d,a, k.riNdj lr;a; fjkqjg ueá ng wdOdrfhka c,h biSu wdrïN lrkq ,eîh' k.r iNdj bkaÈhdfjka ueá ng wä 1000la t,d tl, fuu w;ayod ne,Su isÿlr nj merKs f,aLkj, i|yka fjhs'
fldä ., wÜgd,fha ´,kao wjêfha m%isoaO ix{d fldä l=¿K msysgd ;snqKs' wE;ska meñfKk kej ms<sn| fydavqjd fiùu fuu fldä lKqfõ ix{d Nghskg mejreKq rdcldßhhs' fldälKqfõ rdcldÍ lrk Nghskag lsysmúglau fldä lKqjg f.dvùug is¥jQ neõ lshe fõ' ÿf¾laI wdOdrfhka fldä lKqfõ isg uqyqfoa .uka lrk keõ ksÍlaIKh lrkq ,eîh' jrdhg meñfKk keõ ms<sn| f.dvìug fuu.ska ix{d ,nd fok ,§' tu kej we;=¿ lsÍug iqÿiq kejla o hkak fuu uOHia:dkfhka fidhd n,k ,§' óg fmr jrdhg meñK yqremqreÿ kejla kï fjä uqr tlla o wd.ka;=l kejla kï fjä uqr ;=kla o kefõ isg m;a;= lrkq ,eîh' óg m%;spdr jYfhka f;dr;=re fidhd n,d ix{d uqrh f.dvìñka m;a;= lrkq ,eîh' .d,a, jrdh úYd, .,a l=¿ iys; Nhdkl uqyqÿ mßirhla ksid f.dvìfï isg kshuqjl= tu kejg f.dia jrdhg le|jdf.k tau tl, jevms<sfj,hs' tu fjä ix{d j,ska miq f.dvìu lms;dka kejg f.dia kej jrdhg le|jdf.k tkq ,eîh'
fuu fldä., msysá ia:dkfha 1843 § ,xldfõ m<uq m%§md.drh ì%;dkH cd;slhska úiska ia:dms; lrkq ,eîh' ksñ hlv tal rdYS lr ;ekQ fuu m%§md.drh wä 90la muK Wiska hqla; úh' NQñf;,a .Eia n,fhka fuys myk o,ajkq ,eîh' 1936 fuu m%§md.drh .skafkka oeù úkdY ùu ksid W!ÜßÉ uqr wÜgd,fha fgdka 7l ld,;=jla;= /|jqï uOHia:dkhla flakao%lr j;auka m%§md.drh 1939 § bÈlrkq ,eîh'
fldä., iy W!ÜßÉ uqr wÜgd,h w;r yrjd fjä ;eìh yels úYd, ld,;=jlal= 2la o l=vd m%udKfha ;=jlal= lsysmhla o ia:dmkh lr ;snqKs' fuu W!ÜßÉ uqr wÜgd,hg ,kafois wj§fha§ wvi| wÜgd,h f,i y÷kajkq ,eìh' ;=jlal= 15la fuu ia:dkfha r|jkq ,enq w;r 220l muK ng msßila fuys /lj,a i|yd fhoúu isáhy'wjqfrdard uqr wÜgd,h o ,kafoais wjêfha m%n, uqr lfmd,a,ls'fuhg we;=¿ úug f.aÜgq iúlr ;snqKq w;r" j¾;udkfha o tu f.aÜgq lKq olakg ,efí' wjqfrdard hk ku ,eìug foaj pß; l;d n,mdkak we;s neõ fmfka' fuys ;=jlal= 6la rojd ;snqKs' fmâ,¾ ùÈfha isg iDcqj wjidk wka;fha fuu wÜgd,h ia:dms; lr we;' merKs lÉfÉß f.dvke.s,a, msysá N+ñfha f.dvke.s,a, ì%;dkH wjêfha yuqod ne/lal ia:dmkh lr ;snqKq w;r" fuu wÜgd,h o tu jev lghq;= i|yd Ndú; lrkakg we;' j¾;udkfha ydn¾udiag¾ ks< ksji msysá ia:dkfha o uqrwÜgd,hla ;snqKs' th wel¾ia¨Ü uqr wÜgd, f,i kï lr we;' w;s;fha fuh fihs,¾ia fmdhskaÜ Sailors Point f,i kï yeÈkaúKs' 1640 È .d,a, w,a,df.k miqj iajfoaYlhska w;ska urKhg ,lajq wdKavqldrjr ú,shï cdfldìhka fldaiag¾f.a Wmka .u jk wel¾ia¨Ü isysm;a lrkq msKsi tu ku fhdod we;' tl, o fuu ia:dkfha ks, ksji kdúl kshuqjkaf.a ks, ksjdih Ndú;d jqKs' 1759 § fuu uqr wÜgd,h jgd ;dmamhla ks¾udKh lrkq ,eîh' ld,;=jlal= 7la fuu ia:dkfha msysgqjd ;snqKs' ì%;dkH wjêfha fuu f.dvke.s,a, yuqod frday, ^ Militory hospital & f,i Ndú; flrekq w;r tl, fuu uqr wÜgd,h frday,a neiaáhka f,i ye¢kajqks'
l¿ fldgq mD;=.sis cd;slhska úiska bÈlsßï wdrïN lrkq ,enq ia:dkhhs' fuh Zwart Fort f,i o y÷kajhs' mD;=.sis cd;slhska Fortaleza f,i kï lr ;snqfka fuu ia:dkhhs' tl, .dÆ fldgqfõ hqO uOHia:dkh f,i fuu ia:dkh C%shd;aul jqKs' 1625 mD;=.Sis cd;slhska úiska fuys bÈlsÍï /ila isÿlr we;' fuys bÈß fldgi Water Pass f,i;a by, fldgi Zawrt Fort ye¢kaúKs' ,kafoais wjêfha .d,a, m<d; Ndr wKfok ks,Odßhdf.a ksjdih fuys msysgd ;sîu ksid oeä /lj,a ,d ;snqKs' by, ud,fha isg my, ud,hg .uka lsÍug úYd, Wu.la ks¾udKh lr ;snqK w;r" by,g tifjk f.aÜgqjlska tu Wu. újD; lsÍug;a i,iajkq ,eîh' fuu Wu. Èf.a .uka l< miq ld,;=jla;= ia:dmkh l, u¿jla olakg ,enqKs'
fuu fldgfia o Ngfhda /lj,a ,d isáhy' tu Wu. Èf.a we;=¿ jkafkl=g jïmi ;j;a Wu.la ;sfnkq oelsh yelsh' tu Wu. fldgqfjka msg;g újD;j ;snQ njla lshfõ' j¾;udkfha o Wux ish,a, tf,i olakg ,efí' wKfok ks,Odßhdf.a ksjig mäfm<lska nei hdug yelsjk f,i isr l=áhla ks¾udKh lr we;' fuh hlv f.aÜgq fhdod wjrK lr ;snq nj fmfka' fuu wÜgd,fha tla fldgil isr l=á 6lska iukaú; ixlS¾Khls' fuys fldgila lvd jeà we;' ì%;dkH wjêfha § o fuu isr l=á Ndú; l, nj fmfka' Zawrt Fort fyj;a l¿ fldgqj ì%;dkH wjêfha .d,a, fmd,Sish ia:dms; lrk ,§' Bg fmr ld,;=jlal= frðfïka;= uOHia:dkh o fuys msysgjkq ,eîh' ì%;dkH wjêfha fmd,Sish fjkqfjka bÈl, f.dvke.s,a,la j¾;udkfha .d,a, ksfhdacH fmd,siam;s ld¾hd,h Ndú; lrkq ,nhs' b;du;a ixlS¾K y÷kd.; fkdyels ryia Wux hqO bÈlsÍï /ila fuys olakg ,efnk w;r fïjd ÿgqjka ;=< ksn| l=yq, iy NS;sh okjk neõ lsj hq;=h' ,xfoais wjêfha .d,a, fldgqj hqO uOHia:dkhla f,i C%shd;aul jQ nj meyeÈ,sh' fldgqfõ fmâ,¾ ùÈfha j;auka wxl 57 fyda 61 ork ia:dkfha merKs fjä fnfy;a .nvdj msysgd ;snqKs'Bg wu;rj j;auka m%§md.drh wi, fjä fnfy;a .nvdjla msysgd ;snqKs'ì%;dkH cd;slfhda miqj tu ia:dkh jrdfha .,a msmsrùu msKsi Ndú;d l< vhskuhsÜ ;ekam;a lsÍu i|yd fhdod .kq ,eîh'
.d,a, fldgqfõ hqO WmC%u yd bÈlsÍï ish,a, úúO wruqKq Wfoid ks¾ñ; tajd fjhs' ta ms<sn|j meyeÈ,s Ñ;%hla ,nd.ekSu wmyiqh' kuq;a ta iu. je<ÆKq w;S;fha .=ma; u;lh tu bÈlsÍï foi n,k ldg;a l=;=y,h uqiqjqKq .ekSï wjÈ jkq ksh;h' fuu bÈlsÍï keröu ixpdrlhska jYfhka foi úfoia ldg;a wmQre w;aoelSula jkq we;' tu w;aoelSï ìysiqKq hq.hl ;=jlal=jg fj<| n,hg wfma rcjrekaf.a n, f,daNhg ñßlS.sh rgl cd;shl wNsudkfha ieureï lshdmdkq we;'
;rx. ,shkwdrÉÑ
,xldfõ fjr<nv l<dmh ;=< n,fldgqj ks¾udKh jQfha fuf,i l%u l%ufhka mD;=.Sis cd;syq fjr<nv l,dmh ;=, n,h ;yjqre lr.ekSu;a iu.h' ol=Kq ,l .d,a, fldgq mjqr ks¾udKh jQfha fuys m%;sM,hla f,ih' mD;=.Sis cd;slhka úiska .d,a, fldgqj ks¾udKh lsÍu wdrïN jQfha 1589 j¾Ifha§h' bÈlsÍï ms<sn| úia;r weia;fïka;= iys; f,aLk fuu f;dr;=re ikd: lrhs' .d,a, fldgqj ks¾udKh lsÍfuka mD;=.Sis cd;slhskag wjYH jQfha iajlSh hqO n,h .d,a, jrdh wdY%s;j jvd;a ;yjqre lr .ekSughs' ;ukag wjáka imhd .ekSug yels .,a" fmd,a fldgka jeks m%d:ñl wuqo%jH Wmhqla; lr .;a mD;=.Sis bxðfkarefjda w¾O oaùmsl yevfhka iajNdúlj msysáhd jQ .d,a, fldgqj m%foaYfha f.dvìug yd iïnkaO fldgfiys uqr wgÜgd, 3 la iys;j m%d:ñl uÜgñka fldgq neïu ks¾udKh lrkq ,enQy' ismkaÜ, Ydka; bhdf.da, fldkafiId f,i fuu uqr wÜgd, tl, ye¢kajQy' Tjqka ks¾udKh l, n, fldgqjg we;=,aùug oeä /lj,a fh¥ wdrlaIl fodrgqjla ;snqKs'
mD;=.Sis n, fldgqfõ u¾uia:dkh l¿ fldgqj f,i ye¢kaúh' wE;ska n,k flfkl=g fuu m%foaYh l¿ meyefhka Èiaùu ksid fuh l¿ fldgqj kñka ye¢kaùug fya;= 2 la úoaj;=ka fmkajd fohs' wdhqO ksIamdokh i|yd msysgd ;snQ" lïu,aj, jev ksid m%foaYh úYd, f,i l¿ meyehg yeÍu ksid;a tfukau fuu m%foaYh ;=, nyq, f,i ld,;=jlal= Ndú; lsÍu ksid m%foaYh w÷re meye.ekaùu l¿ fldgqj f,i ye¢kaùug fya;=j neõ iuyfrl=f.a u;hhs'
mD;=.SiSka md,kh l, jljdkqj ;=<o wÈhr lsysmhla hgf;a .dÆ fldgqj ixj¾Okh l, neõ fmfka'
mD;=.Siska úiska ks¾udKh lrkq ,enQ .dÆ fldgqfõ merKs is;shï mßudKdkql+, fkdjQjo ksjerÈ m%ldYkhls' n,fldgqfjys uqyqÿ m%foaYfhka msysá iajNdúl .,a m¾j; Ndú; lrñka uqyqo foiska iajNdúlj wdrlaIdj ;yjqre lr we;' lD;suj ;ekQ uqr wÜgd, u; r|jkq ,enQ ld,;=jlal= ;=,ska o f.dvìu fmfoiska wdrlaIdj i,id we;' we;' merKs is;=jï j,g wkqj mD;=.Sis fldgqj ;=, wd.ñl f.dvke.s,s ksjdi iy fj<| wdh;k /ila msysgd ;snqKq nj fmfka'
merKs f,aLk j,g mjq,a 275la muK mÈxÑj we;' n,fldgqj wdrlaId lsÍu i|yd mD;=.Sis fid,aodÿjka ,ialsß[a[ fyj;a foaYSh fyajdhska ldmsß cd;slhska ikakoaOj isg we;' 1640 ud¾;= udifha§ ,kafoais cd;sl ú,shï cdfldí fldaiag¾ we;=¿ msßig .d,a, fldgqj mD;=.Siskaf.ka ,nd.ekSug úYd, hqoaOhla lsÍug isÿúh' we;sjQ hqoaOh ksidu m%Odk uqr wÜgd, 3la iys; merKs fldgq mjqr úkdY úh' mD;=.Siskaf.ka ,kafoaiSkag ,nd.ekSug yelsjQfha tf,i úkdY ù .sh n, fldgqjls'
.d,a, m%Odk mßmd,k uOHia:dkh fldg ,xldfõ fjr<nv md,kh lsÍug ,kafoaiSka W;aidy .;af;a .d,a, fldgqj ie,iqï iy.; n,fldgq k.rhla f,i ks¾udKh lsÍu;a iu.h' ,kafoaiS jljdkq ;=< úúO wjia:dj, .d,a, fldgqj m%;sks¾udKh jQ nj m%kaiqjd je,kaghska, fyhsäÜ, rhsu¾ wd§ úfoaYSh cd;slhska úiska we¢ is;shï j, fukau is;=jï j,skao .d,a, fldgqj ;=<ska úoHudk jQ hqOuh mßirh meyeÈ,sfjhs'
mD;=.Siska iu. ,kafoaiSka we;s jQ hqoaOh ksid úkdY jQ .d,a, fldgqfõ bÈß uqr wÜgd, 3 kej; bÈl, ,kafoaiSyq SON" MAAN" STER neiaáhka f,ig kï ;enQy' SON neiaáhka fyj;a j¾;udkfha ysre wÜgd,h f,iska y÷kajk uqr wÜgd,h 1620§ wjika jrg mD;=.Sis cd;slhska úiska iïmQ¾K lrkq ,enqy' Ydka; bhdf.da fyj;a Ydka; fcaïia kñka mD;=.Sis ld,fha ye¢ka jQ fuu wÜgd,h 1667 fidka ZON fyj;a ysre wÜgd,h f,i kïlrkq ,eîh' .¾g¾ ä fid,s ñks kï tjlg ´,kao wdKavqldrjr ßÊ laf,d*a *ka .+kaia f.a ìß| úiska fjäuqr m;a;= lr wÜgd,h újD; lrkq ,eîh' ysre wÜgd,fha by< ud,fha isg my< ud,hg .uka lsÍug ilia l< ryia Wu. wog;a olakg ,efí' tys 1677 j¾Ih oelajQ .,a mqjrejla iúlr we;' ysre wÜgd,fha ryia hqO ldur 4la wog;a y÷kd.; yelsh' j¾;udkfha tu ia:dk wdrlaIl f.aÜgq fhdod wdjrK lr we;' ysre wÜgd,h fldgqjg we;=¿ jk uqr lfmd,a, iu. iu.dój wdrlaIdj imhd ÿka m%Odk uqr l|jqrhs' 1760 j¾Ifha fuu wÜgd,h u; ld,;=jlal= 15la r|jd ;snqKs' fldkafiId kï mD;=.Siska úiska ye¢kajq m%Odk uqr wÜgd,h ´,kao cd;slhska úiska ñÙ,a fmdhskaÜ, ñâ,a neiaáhka hk kïj,ska ye¢kajQy' 1667 § fuu wÜgd,h MEAN fyj;a i÷ wÜgd,h f,i kï lr újD; lrkq ,eîh' c¾uka cd;sl ld,;=jlal= fid,aodÿjka fuys /lj,a ,d we;' 1760 § fuu ia:dkfha ld,;=jlal= 19la r|jd ;snqKs' 1883 ks¾udKh l< wkaf;daksia Trf,daiqj lKqj fuys msysgd we;' tu Trf,daiq lKqj ilia lsÍug fmr ì;a;s follska iy wdrelal= .,a jy,lska ieÿï ,;a >kaGd l=¿Kla ,fydard ia:ïNhla f,i fuys ia:dms; lrl ;snqKs'
lej,sh¾ fyj;a leÜ fyda,a kï nxlrhla fuu i÷ wÜgd,fha msysgd ;snqKs' 263 fofkl=f.ka hq;= hqO fiakdxlhla fuys /qlj,a ,d isg we;s w;r" 1760 È ld,;=jlal= 109la fuys r|jd ;snqKs' fmrÈ. bka§h fj<| iud.u hgf;a fiajh l, ld,;=jla;= yuqod Nghska 19la fuu tallhg wkqnoaOj fiajh lr ;sfí' Trf,daiq lKqj wi, msysá ryia nxlrfha wdrelal= fodrgq wog;a y÷kdf.k we;s w;r" mj;akd wdrlaIl fya;=ka u; tu nxlrh jid oud we;' i÷ wÜgd,fha my< ud,hg we;=¿jk ia:dkh ol=Kq miska fmd<jg neish yels Wu.ls' fuu Wu. yryd ;drld wÜgd,hg ryia u.la jeà ;snqKs' j¾;udkfha fuu Wuf.a fldgila y÷kd.; yelsh'
mD;=.Sis cd;slfhda Ydka; wkaf;daks fyj;a iSmka f,i ye¢ka jQ f;jeks uqr wÜgd,h 1667 iag¾ fyj;a;drld wÜgd,h f,i kï ;enQy' ,kafoaiS wKfok ks,OdÍ wÈßhka rE;diaf.a ÈhKsh úiska ld,;=jlal= m;a;= lr fuu wÜgd,h újD; lrkq ,eîh' 1760 § fuu ia:dkfha ld,;=jlal= 6la r|jd ;snqKs' jvd;a ixlS¾K wdrlaIs; nxlr lsysmhla fuu wÜgd,fha y÷kd.; yel' tys my, ud,fha isg wdrlaIs; mäfm<lska fmd<j hgg msúish yels ryia Wu.ls' my, ud,h i÷ wÜgd,fhka fjka jkafka o wdrelal= yeve;s fodrgqjlsks' my, ud,fha mäfm,la oud ilia lr ;snQ Wu. wfkl=;a wÜgd, iu. in|;d meje;aùug ryia fodrgqjla fia ilia lr ;snqKd úh yelsh'
;drld wÜgd,h hg úYd, hqO ldurhls' ´,kao wjêfha fjä fnfy;a weUreïy, f,i fuh ye¢kajQy' jdia;=úoHd ,laIK wkqj isr ueÿrlg iudkh' jyÆka ,jd fuys fjäfnfy;a weUrE ksid isr ueÿr f,ig jHjydrhg meñfKkakg we;' tu ryia .nvdj wdrelal= wdldr .fvd¿ jy,lska ilia ù we;' we;=<g jd;h .uka lsÍug jdljq¨ iy l=vd cfk,a msysgd we;' ysre t<sh ,nd .ekSug L yevfha fõÈldjla bÈlr we;' we;=<; cfk,a .,a rduqj,ska ilid we;' we;=<g .uka lrkafkl=g w;S; wNsryia ie.jqKq .=ma; n,fldgqjl msysá isrueÿrl iajNdj ks;e;skau isys.kajhs'
;drld wÜgd,fha isg la,smkan¾.a uqr wÜgd,h olajd b;d msßisÿ fod< mdrla fldgq neïug iudka;rj b;d iqkaorj fldgq neïfuka my,g .,d ye¨Kq nj merKs f,aLkj, i|yka fõ' j¾;udkfha fuu fod< ud¾.h olakg fkd,enqK o j¾Idj iufha isyska Èh mdrla Èiajkq fmfka'
tj¨ia uqr wÜgd,h ,kafoais jljdkqfõ ksõfmdhskaÜ f,i ye¢kaúKs' iQlaIu f,i /lj,a ,d isáh yels hqO ldurhla olakg ,efí' wÜgd,h u; fgdka 7la n,hg fjä ;eìh yels ld,;=jlal=jla ;snqKq njg idOl we;' mia l÷j,g jeiS we;s ksid j¾;udkfha fuu ld,;=jlal=j y÷kd.; fkdyelsh' la,sm¾ka n¾.a uqr wÜgd,h u;o fgdka 7l ld,;=jlal= /|jqula olakg ,efí' fuu uqrwÜgd, 2l w;r fodrgq 3lska hq;a hqO ldur olakg ,efí' la,sm¾ka n¾.ays hqO ldur uyckhd i|yd újD; lr ;snqK o tj¨ia ys hqO ldur ;ju;a újD; lr fkdue;af;a wdrlaIl fya;+ka u;h' fid,aodÿjkaf.a wú wdhqO, fjäfnfy;a .nvdlr ;eîug;a Tjqkag ie`.j isàug;a fuu hqO ldur ilia l,d úh yelsh'
fldgq neïfï iEu ia:dkhlu i;=rka b,lal lr ;=jlal= r|jd wdrlaIs;j fjä ;eìh yels újD; ljq¿ ks¾udKh lr we;' fuu ljq¨ ieulgu tla ÈYdjlg foda,kh jk mßÈ .,a mdoï iúlr we;' ;=jlal=j ;,a¨ lsÍug fuu .,a mdoï Wmhqla; lr .kakg we;' yÈis wjia:dj,§ ;=jlal= .,a mdoï Èf.a ;,a¨lr fjä;eîu fid,aodÿjd i;= ld¾hhla úh' by;ska i|yka l< tj¨ia uqr wÜgd,h 1725 ksõfmdhskaÜ f,ig;a 1735 halve Bolwerh ^w¾O wÜgd,h& f,ig;a y÷kajd ;snqKs' 1770 § ;=jlal= 5la fuys fhdod ;snqKs' 1726 isg 1729 w;r ld,fha mSgDDia jqhsiaÜ wdKavqldrjrhd úiska fkmapQka uqr wÜgd,h bÈlrkq ,eîh' 1735 § ;=jlal= 8la fuys ia;dms; lr ;snqKs' tu wdKavqldrjrhd úiskau g%hsg%ka uqr wÜgd,h ks¾udKh lrkq ,eîh' ta ld,jljdkqj ;=, wdrlaIdj ;yjqre lsÍug úúO bÈlsÍï isÿl, nj ñka fmfka'
g%hsg%ka uqr wÜgd,h m%foaYh ;=< ì%;dkH md,kh iufha m%isoaO iq<x fuda,la iúlr ;snqKs' iq,x n,fhka C%shd;aul jQ fuu iq<x fuda, u.ska uqyqÿ c,h f.dvìug fmdïmlrk ,§' lr;a;j, iúlrkq ,enQ gexlsj,g uqyqÿ c,h mqrjkq ,enQ w;r" ffokslj fuu lr;a; u.ska ¥ú,s iys; mdrj,a j,g c,h biSu isÿlrk ,§' 1890 .d,a, k.riNdj lr;a; fjkqjg ueá ng wdOdrfhka c,h biSu wdrïN lrkq ,eîh' k.r iNdj bkaÈhdfjka ueá ng wä 1000la t,d tl, fuu w;ayod ne,Su isÿlr nj merKs f,aLkj, i|yka fjhs'
fldä ., wÜgd,fha ´,kao wjêfha m%isoaO ix{d fldä l=¿K msysgd ;snqKs' wE;ska meñfKk kej ms<sn| fydavqjd fiùu fuu fldä lKqfõ ix{d Nghskg mejreKq rdcldßhhs' fldälKqfõ rdcldÍ lrk Nghskag lsysmúglau fldä lKqjg f.dvùug is¥jQ neõ lshe fõ' ÿf¾laI wdOdrfhka fldä lKqfõ isg uqyqfoa .uka lrk keõ ksÍlaIKh lrkq ,eîh' jrdhg meñfKk keõ ms<sn| f.dvìug fuu.ska ix{d ,nd fok ,§' tu kej we;=¿ lsÍug iqÿiq kejla o hkak fuu uOHia:dkfhka fidhd n,k ,§' óg fmr jrdhg meñK yqremqreÿ kejla kï fjä uqr tlla o wd.ka;=l kejla kï fjä uqr ;=kla o kefõ isg m;a;= lrkq ,eîh' óg m%;spdr jYfhka f;dr;=re fidhd n,d ix{d uqrh f.dvìñka m;a;= lrkq ,eîh' .d,a, jrdh úYd, .,a l=¿ iys; Nhdkl uqyqÿ mßirhla ksid f.dvìfï isg kshuqjl= tu kejg f.dia jrdhg le|jdf.k tau tl, jevms<sfj,hs' tu fjä ix{d j,ska miq f.dvìu lms;dka kejg f.dia kej jrdhg le|jdf.k tkq ,eîh'
fuu fldä., msysá ia:dkfha 1843 § ,xldfõ m<uq m%§md.drh ì%;dkH cd;slhska úiska ia:dms; lrkq ,eîh' ksñ hlv tal rdYS lr ;ekQ fuu m%§md.drh wä 90la muK Wiska hqla; úh' NQñf;,a .Eia n,fhka fuys myk o,ajkq ,eîh' 1936 fuu m%§md.drh .skafkka oeù úkdY ùu ksid W!ÜßÉ uqr wÜgd,fha fgdka 7l ld,;=jla;= /|jqï uOHia:dkhla flakao%lr j;auka m%§md.drh 1939 § bÈlrkq ,eîh'
fldä., iy W!ÜßÉ uqr wÜgd,h w;r yrjd fjä ;eìh yels úYd, ld,;=jlal= 2la o l=vd m%udKfha ;=jlal= lsysmhla o ia:dmkh lr ;snqKs' fuu W!ÜßÉ uqr wÜgd,hg ,kafois wj§fha§ wvi| wÜgd,h f,i y÷kajkq ,eìh' ;=jlal= 15la fuu ia:dkfha r|jkq ,enq w;r 220l muK ng msßila fuys /lj,a i|yd fhoúu isáhy'wjqfrdard uqr wÜgd,h o ,kafoais wjêfha m%n, uqr lfmd,a,ls'fuhg we;=¿ úug f.aÜgq iúlr ;snqKq w;r" j¾;udkfha o tu f.aÜgq lKq olakg ,efí' wjqfrdard hk ku ,eìug foaj pß; l;d n,mdkak we;s neõ fmfka' fuys ;=jlal= 6la rojd ;snqKs' fmâ,¾ ùÈfha isg iDcqj wjidk wka;fha fuu wÜgd,h ia:dms; lr we;' merKs lÉfÉß f.dvke.s,a, msysá N+ñfha f.dvke.s,a, ì%;dkH wjêfha yuqod ne/lal ia:dmkh lr ;snqKq w;r" fuu wÜgd,h o tu jev lghq;= i|yd Ndú; lrkakg we;' j¾;udkfha ydn¾udiag¾ ks< ksji msysá ia:dkfha o uqrwÜgd,hla ;snqKs' th wel¾ia¨Ü uqr wÜgd, f,i kï lr we;' w;s;fha fuh fihs,¾ia fmdhskaÜ Sailors Point f,i kï yeÈkaúKs' 1640 È .d,a, w,a,df.k miqj iajfoaYlhska w;ska urKhg ,lajq wdKavqldrjr ú,shï cdfldìhka fldaiag¾f.a Wmka .u jk wel¾ia¨Ü isysm;a lrkq msKsi tu ku fhdod we;' tl, o fuu ia:dkfha ks, ksji kdúl kshuqjkaf.a ks, ksjdih Ndú;d jqKs' 1759 § fuu uqr wÜgd,h jgd ;dmamhla ks¾udKh lrkq ,eîh' ld,;=jlal= 7la fuu ia:dkfha msysgqjd ;snqKs' ì%;dkH wjêfha fuu f.dvke.s,a, yuqod frday, ^ Militory hospital & f,i Ndú; flrekq w;r tl, fuu uqr wÜgd,h frday,a neiaáhka f,i ye¢kajqks'
l¿ fldgq mD;=.sis cd;slhska úiska bÈlsßï wdrïN lrkq ,enq ia:dkhhs' fuh Zwart Fort f,i o y÷kajhs' mD;=.sis cd;slhska Fortaleza f,i kï lr ;snqfka fuu ia:dkhhs' tl, .dÆ fldgqfõ hqO uOHia:dkh f,i fuu ia:dkh C%shd;aul jqKs' 1625 mD;=.Sis cd;slhska úiska fuys bÈlsÍï /ila isÿlr we;' fuys bÈß fldgi Water Pass f,i;a by, fldgi Zawrt Fort ye¢kaúKs' ,kafoais wjêfha .d,a, m<d; Ndr wKfok ks,Odßhdf.a ksjdih fuys msysgd ;sîu ksid oeä /lj,a ,d ;snqKs' by, ud,fha isg my, ud,hg .uka lsÍug úYd, Wu.la ks¾udKh lr ;snqK w;r" by,g tifjk f.aÜgqjlska tu Wu. újD; lsÍug;a i,iajkq ,eîh' fuu Wu. Èf.a .uka l< miq ld,;=jla;= ia:dmkh l, u¿jla olakg ,enqKs'
fuu fldgfia o Ngfhda /lj,a ,d isáhy' tu Wu. Èf.a we;=¿ jkafkl=g jïmi ;j;a Wu.la ;sfnkq oelsh yelsh' tu Wu. fldgqfjka msg;g újD;j ;snQ njla lshfõ' j¾;udkfha o Wux ish,a, tf,i olakg ,efí' wKfok ks,Odßhdf.a ksjig mäfm<lska nei hdug yelsjk f,i isr l=áhla ks¾udKh lr we;' fuh hlv f.aÜgq fhdod wjrK lr ;snq nj fmfka' fuu wÜgd,fha tla fldgil isr l=á 6lska iukaú; ixlS¾Khls' fuys fldgila lvd jeà we;' ì%;dkH wjêfha § o fuu isr l=á Ndú; l, nj fmfka' Zawrt Fort fyj;a l¿ fldgqj ì%;dkH wjêfha .d,a, fmd,Sish ia:dms; lrk ,§' Bg fmr ld,;=jlal= frðfïka;= uOHia:dkh o fuys msysgjkq ,eîh' ì%;dkH wjêfha fmd,Sish fjkqfjka bÈl, f.dvke.s,a,la j¾;udkfha .d,a, ksfhdacH fmd,siam;s ld¾hd,h Ndú; lrkq ,nhs' b;du;a ixlS¾K y÷kd.; fkdyels ryia Wux hqO bÈlsÍï /ila fuys olakg ,efnk w;r fïjd ÿgqjka ;=< ksn| l=yq, iy NS;sh okjk neõ lsj hq;=h' ,xfoais wjêfha .d,a, fldgqj hqO uOHia:dkhla f,i C%shd;aul jQ nj meyeÈ,sh' fldgqfõ fmâ,¾ ùÈfha j;auka wxl 57 fyda 61 ork ia:dkfha merKs fjä fnfy;a .nvdj msysgd ;snqKs'Bg wu;rj j;auka m%§md.drh wi, fjä fnfy;a .nvdjla msysgd ;snqKs'ì%;dkH cd;slfhda miqj tu ia:dkh jrdfha .,a msmsrùu msKsi Ndú;d l< vhskuhsÜ ;ekam;a lsÍu i|yd fhdod .kq ,eîh'
.d,a, fldgqfõ hqO WmC%u yd bÈlsÍï ish,a, úúO wruqKq Wfoid ks¾ñ; tajd fjhs' ta ms<sn|j meyeÈ,s Ñ;%hla ,nd.ekSu wmyiqh' kuq;a ta iu. je<ÆKq w;S;fha .=ma; u;lh tu bÈlsÍï foi n,k ldg;a l=;=y,h uqiqjqKq .ekSï wjÈ jkq ksh;h' fuu bÈlsÍï keröu ixpdrlhska jYfhka foi úfoia ldg;a wmQre w;aoelSula jkq we;' tu w;aoelSï ìysiqKq hq.hl ;=jlal=jg fj<| n,hg wfma rcjrekaf.a n, f,daNhg ñßlS.sh rgl cd;shl wNsudkfha ieureï lshdmdkq we;'
;rx. ,shkwdrÉÑ
0 comments:
Post a Comment